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Yes. In Illinois, non-compete agreements are generally enforceable. On January 1, 2022, Illinois enacted the Illinois Freedom to Work Act which modified the laws governing non-compete agreements. Under the new act, non-compete agreements are enforceable if the contract meets the following conditions:
Proving that the non-compete agreement is reasonable is vital to ensuring that the contract is enforceable. The Illinois Supreme Court developed the “Three-Component Test" to determine the reasonability of a non-compete agreement. The three components are:
No. The amendments made to the Illinois Freedom to Work Act which went into effect on January 1, 2022 are not retroactive. Any non-compete agreements that were entered into prior to this date will not be effected by the amendment.
The new non-compete laws do not lay out a maximum term for the duration of the agreement. Based on previous court cases and non-compete agreements that Illinois courts have ruled reasonable, non-compete agreements can last up to five years.
Whether the duration of a non-compete agreement is deemed reasonable by the court depends heavily on the specific facts of the case. Factors that can effect whether a timeframe is reasonable include the type of work, the geographic area, the specialized training of the employee, and the business interest that is protected by the contract.
To get around a non-compete agreement in Illinois, the employee must show that the agreement does not adhere to the provisions in the amended Illinois Freedom to Work Act.
One way to do this, is to prove that the non-compete does not protect a legitimate business interest. Legitimate business interests are usually trade secrets, client lists, or other confidential business information that the employer takes precautions to keep confidential. The employer cannot use a non-compete to merely restrict competition in their industry.
In Illinois, all contracts, including non-compete agreements, must adhere to state contract laws. In order for a contract to be legally binding and enforceable, it must contain an offer, acceptance, and consideration. Without any one of these elements, the contract will be void.
Consideration is the main component of a contract and it is the exchange of something of value between the parties. For non-compete agreements, many states consider ongoing employment adequate consideration for signing a non-compete. Illinois however requires more sufficient consideration.
Many Illinois courts will require that an employee is promised at least two years of tenure or additional financial consideration like a raise or a bonus to satisfy the condition of adequate consideration. Without this additional consideration, a court can deem an Illinois non-compete agreement void.
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